Hyperforin-mediated anticancer mechanisms in MDA-MB-231 cell line: insights into apoptotic mediator modulation and caspase activation

Breast cancer has been recorded as a frequent malignant cancer. The side effects of current chemotherapy drugs are still severe problem. Hence, naturally occurring phytochemicals can be possible solution to overcome this issue. Therefore, hyperforin was used assess its anticancer effect against triple-negative breast cells (MDA-MB-231) and effectiveness taxol (clinically drug). Both compounds’ activity mechanism action were evaluated by analysing various approaches such ELISA, flow cytometry PCR microarray. Our results showed lower IC50 (7.18 µg/mL) compared (7.91 µg/mL, P < 0.05) almost similar MDA-MB-231 cells. microarray that induced the expression caspases activator leading caspases-dependent cell death pathway whereas uses TNF-mediated death. suggest may act good death-inducing agent.ABBREVIATIONS: TNBC: Triple negative cancer; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; RNA: Ribonucleic ROS: Reactive oxygen species; 5-FU: Fluorouracil; TRAIL: TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand; AKT: Protein kinase B; COX-2: Cyclooxygenase-2; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; Bax: Bcl-2-associated X protein; BCL-2: B-cell lymphoma 2; MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide; mRNA: Messenger ribonucleic MCL1: Myeloid-cell leukemia 1; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; MMP: Mitochondrial membrane potential; MCP-1: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; ATCC: American Type Culture Collection; RPMI: Roswell Park Memorial Institute; XIAP: X-linked inhibitor apoptosis FBS: Fetal bovine serum; MCL-1: DMEM: Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium; DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide; CASP3: Caspase 3; h: Hour; TNF-α: Tumour necrosis factor alpha; P53: Tumor protein P53; min: Minutes; cps: Count presecond; OD: Optical density; rpm: Revolutions per minute; PI: Propidium iodide; SD: Standard deviation; DDR: Death Domoin Receptor; TRADD: receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain; HRK: Harakiri, BCL2 Interacting Protein; RIPK2: Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein BIK: interacting killer; DCF: 2’, 7’ –dichlorofluorescein; DCF-DA: Dichlorofluorescin Diacetate; FADD: Fas Associated Via Domain; TNFRSF: superfamily; FITC: Fluorescein isothiocyanate; CFLAR: CASP8 And FADD Like Apoptosis Regulator; BID: BH3-interacting domain agonist; BIRC: Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing CIDEA: Cell CIDE-A; CIDEB: Inducing DFFA Effector BrdU: Bromodeoxyuridine; RFU: Relative fluorescence unit; NF-kB: Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer activated B cells; %: Percentage; µL: microliter; µM: Micromolar; °C: degree Celcius; ng/mL: Nanograms millimeter; mg/mL: Milligrams milliliter; µg/mL: Micrograms ΔΨm: TNFα: α; Bcl-xL: lymphoma-extra large; MDR1: Multidrug Resistance Mutation; AIB1: Amplified in LTBR: Lymphotoxin Beta Receptor HighlightsUtilization agent triple cancer.Hyperforin exhibited inhibiting growth cells.Hyperforin shows potential taxol.Hyperforin mitochondrial induce